{
  "api_version": "v1",
  "dataset": "statement",
  "data_build": "2026-10-09T13:58:27Z",
  "docs_url": "https://ledgergov.uk/method/api",
  "licence": {
    "name": "Open Government Licence v3.0",
    "url": "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/",
    "attribution": "Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. Compiled by Public Ledger (https://ledgergov.uk).",
    "notes": [
      "Every number names its source (sources[].licence gives each one's terms). Most are Crown copyright under the OGL; Bank of England and NATO figures follow their own terms."
    ]
  },
  "data": {
    "base_year": "2025-26",
    "years": [
      {
        "period": "2019-20",
        "kind": "outturn",
        "vintage": "PESA-2026 + PSF-2026-09",
        "vintage_label": "ONS outturn, September 2026 release",
        "note": "Receipts from ONS PSF RECEIPTS; spending by function from HMT PESA (PESA-2026); debt interest and totals as published.",
        "url": "https://ledgergov.uk/api/v1/statement/2019-20",
        "totals": {
          "receipts": {
            "value": 828.075,
            "unit": "gbp_bn",
            "quality": "sourced",
            "source_id": "ons_psf",
            "vintage": "PESA-2026 + PSF-2026-09",
            "method_note": "Sum of the 13 income lines; each line has its own source."
          },
          "spending": {
            "value": 886.838,
            "unit": "gbp_bn",
            "quality": "approx",
            "source_id": "ons_psf",
            "vintage": "PESA-2026 + PSF-2026-09",
            "method_note": "Sum of the 11 spending lines; each line has its own source."
          },
          "borrowing": {
            "value": 58.763,
            "unit": "gbp_bn",
            "quality": "sourced",
            "source_id": "ons_psf",
            "vintage": "PESA-2026 + PSF-2026-09",
            "method_note": "Total spending minus receipts (PSF-2026-09). Published borrowing for 2019-20: 58.8bn."
          }
        },
        "macro": {
          "nominal_gdp": {
            "value": 2263.357,
            "unit": "gbp_bn",
            "quality": "sourced",
            "source_id": "obr_databank",
            "vintage": "PESA-2026 + PSF-2026-09",
            "method_note": null
          },
          "debt": {
            "value": 1814.8,
            "unit": "gbp_bn",
            "quality": "sourced",
            "source_id": "ons_psf",
            "vintage": "PESA-2026 + PSF-2026-09",
            "method_note": "PSND ex, £bn: end-March 2020 value of ONS CDID HF6W."
          },
          "debt_pct_gdp": {
            "value": 84.5,
            "unit": "pct_gdp",
            "quality": "sourced",
            "source_id": "ons_psf",
            "vintage": "PESA-2026 + PSF-2026-09",
            "method_note": "PSND ex as % of GDP (ONS GDP centred on March): end-March 2020 value of ONS CDID HF6X."
          },
          "bank_rate": {
            "value": 0.1,
            "unit": "rate_pct",
            "quality": "sourced",
            "source_id": "boe_bank_rate",
            "vintage": "PESA-2026 + PSF-2026-09",
            "method_note": null
          },
          "households": {
            "value": 27.824,
            "unit": "households_m",
            "quality": "sourced",
            "source_id": "ons_households",
            "vintage": "PESA-2026 + PSF-2026-09",
            "method_note": "ONS Families and households, UK, 2019 (FH-2026-04)."
          },
          "population": {
            "value": 66.627,
            "unit": "persons_m",
            "quality": "sourced",
            "source_id": "ons_population",
            "vintage": "PESA-2026 + PSF-2026-09",
            "method_note": "ONS mid-year population estimate, UK, 2019 (MYE-2026-10)."
          }
        }
      },
      {
        "period": "2020-21",
        "kind": "outturn",
        "vintage": "PESA-2026 + PSF-2026-09",
        "vintage_label": "ONS outturn, September 2026 release",
        "note": "Receipts from ONS PSF RECEIPTS; spending by function from HMT PESA (PESA-2026); debt interest and totals as published.",
        "url": "https://ledgergov.uk/api/v1/statement/2020-21",
        "totals": {
          "receipts": {
            "value": 792.959,
            "unit": "gbp_bn",
            "quality": "sourced",
            "source_id": "ons_psf",
            "vintage": "PESA-2026 + PSF-2026-09",
            "method_note": "Sum of the 13 income lines; each line has its own source."
          },
          "spending": {
            "value": 1103.793,
            "unit": "gbp_bn",
            "quality": "approx",
            "source_id": "ons_psf",
            "vintage": "PESA-2026 + PSF-2026-09",
            "method_note": "Sum of the 11 spending lines; each line has its own source."
          },
          "borrowing": {
            "value": 310.834,
            "unit": "gbp_bn",
            "quality": "sourced",
            "source_id": "ons_psf",
            "vintage": "PESA-2026 + PSF-2026-09",
            "method_note": "Total spending minus receipts (PSF-2026-09). Published borrowing for 2020-21: 310.8bn."
          }
        },
        "macro": {
          "nominal_gdp": {
            "value": 2109.996,
            "unit": "gbp_bn",
            "quality": "sourced",
            "source_id": "obr_databank",
            "vintage": "PESA-2026 + PSF-2026-09",
            "method_note": null
          },
          "debt": {
            "value": 2157.7,
            "unit": "gbp_bn",
            "quality": "sourced",
            "source_id": "ons_psf",
            "vintage": "PESA-2026 + PSF-2026-09",
            "method_note": "PSND ex, £bn: end-March 2021 value of ONS CDID HF6W."
          },
          "debt_pct_gdp": {
            "value": 95.5,
            "unit": "pct_gdp",
            "quality": "sourced",
            "source_id": "ons_psf",
            "vintage": "PESA-2026 + PSF-2026-09",
            "method_note": "PSND ex as % of GDP (ONS GDP centred on March): end-March 2021 value of ONS CDID HF6X."
          },
          "bank_rate": {
            "value": 0.1,
            "unit": "rate_pct",
            "quality": "sourced",
            "source_id": "boe_bank_rate",
            "vintage": "PESA-2026 + PSF-2026-09",
            "method_note": null
          },
          "households": {
            "value": 27.893,
            "unit": "households_m",
            "quality": "sourced",
            "source_id": "ons_households",
            "vintage": "PESA-2026 + PSF-2026-09",
            "method_note": "ONS Families and households, UK, 2020 (FH-2026-04)."
          },
          "population": {
            "value": 66.74,
            "unit": "persons_m",
            "quality": "sourced",
            "source_id": "ons_population",
            "vintage": "PESA-2026 + PSF-2026-09",
            "method_note": "ONS mid-year population estimate, UK, 2020 (MYE-2026-10)."
          }
        }
      },
      {
        "period": "2021-22",
        "kind": "outturn",
        "vintage": "PESA-2026 + PSF-2026-09",
        "vintage_label": "ONS outturn, September 2026 release",
        "note": "Receipts from ONS PSF RECEIPTS; spending by function from HMT PESA (PESA-2026); debt interest and totals as published.",
        "url": "https://ledgergov.uk/api/v1/statement/2021-22",
        "totals": {
          "receipts": {
            "value": 922.217,
            "unit": "gbp_bn",
            "quality": "sourced",
            "source_id": "ons_psf",
            "vintage": "PESA-2026 + PSF-2026-09",
            "method_note": "Sum of the 13 income lines; each line has its own source."
          },
          "spending": {
            "value": 1038.195,
            "unit": "gbp_bn",
            "quality": "approx",
            "source_id": "ons_psf",
            "vintage": "PESA-2026 + PSF-2026-09",
            "method_note": "Sum of the 11 spending lines; each line has its own source."
          },
          "borrowing": {
            "value": 115.978,
            "unit": "gbp_bn",
            "quality": "sourced",
            "source_id": "ons_psf",
            "vintage": "PESA-2026 + PSF-2026-09",
            "method_note": "Total spending minus receipts (PSF-2026-09). Published borrowing for 2021-22: 116.0bn."
          }
        },
        "macro": {
          "nominal_gdp": {
            "value": 2400.398,
            "unit": "gbp_bn",
            "quality": "sourced",
            "source_id": "obr_databank",
            "vintage": "PESA-2026 + PSF-2026-09",
            "method_note": null
          },
          "debt": {
            "value": 2379.7,
            "unit": "gbp_bn",
            "quality": "sourced",
            "source_id": "ons_psf",
            "vintage": "PESA-2026 + PSF-2026-09",
            "method_note": "PSND ex, £bn: end-March 2022 value of ONS CDID HF6W."
          },
          "debt_pct_gdp": {
            "value": 94.3,
            "unit": "pct_gdp",
            "quality": "sourced",
            "source_id": "ons_psf",
            "vintage": "PESA-2026 + PSF-2026-09",
            "method_note": "PSND ex as % of GDP (ONS GDP centred on March): end-March 2022 value of ONS CDID HF6X."
          },
          "bank_rate": {
            "value": 0.75,
            "unit": "rate_pct",
            "quality": "sourced",
            "source_id": "boe_bank_rate",
            "vintage": "PESA-2026 + PSF-2026-09",
            "method_note": null
          },
          "households": {
            "value": 28.119,
            "unit": "households_m",
            "quality": "sourced",
            "source_id": "ons_households",
            "vintage": "PESA-2026 + PSF-2026-09",
            "method_note": "ONS Families and households, UK, 2021 (FH-2026-04)."
          },
          "population": {
            "value": 66.978,
            "unit": "persons_m",
            "quality": "sourced",
            "source_id": "ons_population",
            "vintage": "PESA-2026 + PSF-2026-09",
            "method_note": "ONS mid-year population estimate, UK, 2021 (MYE-2026-10)."
          }
        }
      },
      {
        "period": "2022-23",
        "kind": "outturn",
        "vintage": "PESA-2026 + PSF-2026-09",
        "vintage_label": "ONS outturn, September 2026 release",
        "note": "Receipts from ONS PSF RECEIPTS; spending by function from HMT PESA (PESA-2026); debt interest and totals as published.",
        "url": "https://ledgergov.uk/api/v1/statement/2022-23",
        "totals": {
          "receipts": {
            "value": 1034.576,
            "unit": "gbp_bn",
            "quality": "sourced",
            "source_id": "ons_psf",
            "vintage": "PESA-2026 + PSF-2026-09",
            "method_note": "Sum of the 13 income lines; each line has its own source."
          },
          "spending": {
            "value": 1158.392,
            "unit": "gbp_bn",
            "quality": "approx",
            "source_id": "ons_psf",
            "vintage": "PESA-2026 + PSF-2026-09",
            "method_note": "Sum of the 11 spending lines; each line has its own source."
          },
          "borrowing": {
            "value": 123.816,
            "unit": "gbp_bn",
            "quality": "sourced",
            "source_id": "ons_psf",
            "vintage": "PESA-2026 + PSF-2026-09",
            "method_note": "Total spending minus receipts (PSF-2026-09). Published borrowing for 2022-23: 123.8bn."
          }
        },
        "macro": {
          "nominal_gdp": {
            "value": 2634.336,
            "unit": "gbp_bn",
            "quality": "sourced",
            "source_id": "obr_databank",
            "vintage": "PESA-2026 + PSF-2026-09",
            "method_note": null
          },
          "debt": {
            "value": 2542.7,
            "unit": "gbp_bn",
            "quality": "sourced",
            "source_id": "ons_psf",
            "vintage": "PESA-2026 + PSF-2026-09",
            "method_note": "PSND ex, £bn: end-March 2023 value of ONS CDID HF6W."
          },
          "debt_pct_gdp": {
            "value": 93.1,
            "unit": "pct_gdp",
            "quality": "sourced",
            "source_id": "ons_psf",
            "vintage": "PESA-2026 + PSF-2026-09",
            "method_note": "PSND ex as % of GDP (ONS GDP centred on March): end-March 2023 value of ONS CDID HF6X."
          },
          "bank_rate": {
            "value": 4.25,
            "unit": "rate_pct",
            "quality": "sourced",
            "source_id": "boe_bank_rate",
            "vintage": "PESA-2026 + PSF-2026-09",
            "method_note": null
          },
          "households": {
            "value": 28.243,
            "unit": "households_m",
            "quality": "sourced",
            "source_id": "ons_households",
            "vintage": "PESA-2026 + PSF-2026-09",
            "method_note": "ONS Families and households, UK, 2022 (FH-2026-04)."
          },
          "population": {
            "value": 67.68,
            "unit": "persons_m",
            "quality": "sourced",
            "source_id": "ons_population",
            "vintage": "PESA-2026 + PSF-2026-09",
            "method_note": "ONS mid-year population estimate, UK, 2022 (MYE-2026-10)."
          }
        }
      },
      {
        "period": "2023-24",
        "kind": "outturn",
        "vintage": "PESA-2026 + PSF-2026-09",
        "vintage_label": "ONS outturn, September 2026 release",
        "note": "Receipts from ONS PSF RECEIPTS; spending by function from HMT PESA (PESA-2026); debt interest and totals as published.",
        "url": "https://ledgergov.uk/api/v1/statement/2023-24",
        "totals": {
          "receipts": {
            "value": 1096.559,
            "unit": "gbp_bn",
            "quality": "sourced",
            "source_id": "ons_psf",
            "vintage": "PESA-2026 + PSF-2026-09",
            "method_note": "Sum of the 13 income lines; each line has its own source."
          },
          "spending": {
            "value": 1231.793,
            "unit": "gbp_bn",
            "quality": "approx",
            "source_id": "ons_psf",
            "vintage": "PESA-2026 + PSF-2026-09",
            "method_note": "Sum of the 11 spending lines; each line has its own source."
          },
          "borrowing": {
            "value": 135.234,
            "unit": "gbp_bn",
            "quality": "sourced",
            "source_id": "ons_psf",
            "vintage": "PESA-2026 + PSF-2026-09",
            "method_note": "Total spending minus receipts (PSF-2026-09). Published borrowing for 2023-24: 135.2bn."
          }
        },
        "macro": {
          "nominal_gdp": {
            "value": 2789.505,
            "unit": "gbp_bn",
            "quality": "sourced",
            "source_id": "obr_databank",
            "vintage": "PESA-2026 + PSF-2026-09",
            "method_note": null
          },
          "debt": {
            "value": 2684.1,
            "unit": "gbp_bn",
            "quality": "sourced",
            "source_id": "ons_psf",
            "vintage": "PESA-2026 + PSF-2026-09",
            "method_note": "PSND ex, £bn: end-March 2024 value of ONS CDID HF6W."
          },
          "debt_pct_gdp": {
            "value": 94.1,
            "unit": "pct_gdp",
            "quality": "sourced",
            "source_id": "ons_psf",
            "vintage": "PESA-2026 + PSF-2026-09",
            "method_note": "PSND ex as % of GDP (ONS GDP centred on March): end-March 2024 value of ONS CDID HF6X."
          },
          "bank_rate": {
            "value": 5.25,
            "unit": "rate_pct",
            "quality": "sourced",
            "source_id": "boe_bank_rate",
            "vintage": "PESA-2026 + PSF-2026-09",
            "method_note": null
          },
          "households": {
            "value": 28.358,
            "unit": "households_m",
            "quality": "sourced",
            "source_id": "ons_households",
            "vintage": "PESA-2026 + PSF-2026-09",
            "method_note": "ONS Families and households, UK, 2023 (FH-2026-04)."
          },
          "population": {
            "value": 68.588,
            "unit": "persons_m",
            "quality": "sourced",
            "source_id": "ons_population",
            "vintage": "PESA-2026 + PSF-2026-09",
            "method_note": "ONS mid-year population estimate, UK, 2023 (MYE-2026-10)."
          }
        }
      },
      {
        "period": "2024-25",
        "kind": "outturn",
        "vintage": "PESA-2026 + PSF-2026-09",
        "vintage_label": "ONS outturn, September 2026 release",
        "note": "Receipts from ONS PSF RECEIPTS; spending by function from HMT PESA (PESA-2026); debt interest and totals as published.",
        "url": "https://ledgergov.uk/api/v1/statement/2024-25",
        "totals": {
          "receipts": {
            "value": 1140.579,
            "unit": "gbp_bn",
            "quality": "sourced",
            "source_id": "ons_psf",
            "vintage": "PESA-2026 + PSF-2026-09",
            "method_note": "Sum of the 13 income lines; each line has its own source."
          },
          "spending": {
            "value": 1290.348,
            "unit": "gbp_bn",
            "quality": "approx",
            "source_id": "ons_psf",
            "vintage": "PESA-2026 + PSF-2026-09",
            "method_note": "Sum of the 11 spending lines; each line has its own source."
          },
          "borrowing": {
            "value": 149.769,
            "unit": "gbp_bn",
            "quality": "sourced",
            "source_id": "ons_psf",
            "vintage": "PESA-2026 + PSF-2026-09",
            "method_note": "Total spending minus receipts (PSF-2026-09). Published borrowing for 2024-25: 149.8bn."
          }
        },
        "macro": {
          "nominal_gdp": {
            "value": 2933.954,
            "unit": "gbp_bn",
            "quality": "sourced",
            "source_id": "obr_databank",
            "vintage": "PESA-2026 + PSF-2026-09",
            "method_note": null
          },
          "debt": {
            "value": 2806.7,
            "unit": "gbp_bn",
            "quality": "sourced",
            "source_id": "ons_psf",
            "vintage": "PESA-2026 + PSF-2026-09",
            "method_note": "PSND ex, £bn: end-March 2025 value of ONS CDID HF6W."
          },
          "debt_pct_gdp": {
            "value": 93.4,
            "unit": "pct_gdp",
            "quality": "sourced",
            "source_id": "ons_psf",
            "vintage": "PESA-2026 + PSF-2026-09",
            "method_note": "PSND ex as % of GDP (ONS GDP centred on March): end-March 2025 value of ONS CDID HF6X."
          },
          "bank_rate": {
            "value": 4.5,
            "unit": "rate_pct",
            "quality": "sourced",
            "source_id": "boe_bank_rate",
            "vintage": "PESA-2026 + PSF-2026-09",
            "method_note": null
          },
          "households": {
            "value": 28.609,
            "unit": "households_m",
            "quality": "sourced",
            "source_id": "ons_households",
            "vintage": "PESA-2026 + PSF-2026-09",
            "method_note": "ONS Families and households, UK, 2024 (FH-2026-04)."
          },
          "population": {
            "value": 69.256,
            "unit": "persons_m",
            "quality": "sourced",
            "source_id": "ons_population",
            "vintage": "PESA-2026 + PSF-2026-09",
            "method_note": "ONS mid-year population estimate, UK, 2024 (MYE-2026-10)."
          }
        }
      },
      {
        "period": "2025-26",
        "kind": "outturn",
        "vintage": "PESA-2026 + PSF-2026-09",
        "vintage_label": "ONS outturn, September 2026 release",
        "note": "Receipts from ONS PSF RECEIPTS; spending by function from HMT PESA (PESA-2026); debt interest and totals as published.",
        "url": "https://ledgergov.uk/api/v1/statement/2025-26",
        "totals": {
          "receipts": {
            "value": 1231.312,
            "unit": "gbp_bn",
            "quality": "sourced",
            "source_id": "ons_psf",
            "vintage": "PESA-2026 + PSF-2026-09",
            "method_note": "Sum of the 13 income lines; each line has its own source."
          },
          "spending": {
            "value": 1365.598,
            "unit": "gbp_bn",
            "quality": "approx",
            "source_id": "ons_psf",
            "vintage": "PESA-2026 + PSF-2026-09",
            "method_note": "Sum of the 11 spending lines; each line has its own source."
          },
          "borrowing": {
            "value": 134.286,
            "unit": "gbp_bn",
            "quality": "sourced",
            "source_id": "ons_psf",
            "vintage": "PESA-2026 + PSF-2026-09",
            "method_note": "Total spending minus receipts (PSF-2026-09). Published borrowing for 2025-26: 134.3bn."
          }
        },
        "macro": {
          "nominal_gdp": {
            "value": 3069.799,
            "unit": "gbp_bn",
            "quality": "sourced",
            "source_id": "obr_databank",
            "vintage": "PESA-2026 + PSF-2026-09",
            "method_note": null
          },
          "debt": {
            "value": 2916.8,
            "unit": "gbp_bn",
            "quality": "sourced",
            "source_id": "ons_psf",
            "vintage": "PESA-2026 + PSF-2026-09",
            "method_note": "PSND ex, £bn: end-March 2026 value of ONS CDID HF6W."
          },
          "debt_pct_gdp": {
            "value": 93.3,
            "unit": "pct_gdp",
            "quality": "sourced",
            "source_id": "ons_psf",
            "vintage": "PESA-2026 + PSF-2026-09",
            "method_note": "PSND ex as % of GDP (ONS GDP centred on March): end-March 2026 value of ONS CDID HF6X."
          },
          "bank_rate": {
            "value": 3.75,
            "unit": "rate_pct",
            "quality": "sourced",
            "source_id": "boe_bank_rate",
            "vintage": "PESA-2026 + PSF-2026-09",
            "method_note": null
          },
          "households": {
            "value": 29.003,
            "unit": "households_m",
            "quality": "sourced",
            "source_id": "ons_households",
            "vintage": "PESA-2026 + PSF-2026-09",
            "method_note": "ONS Families and households, UK, 2025 (FH-2026-04)."
          },
          "population": {
            "value": 69.484,
            "unit": "persons_m",
            "quality": "sourced",
            "source_id": "ons_population",
            "vintage": "PESA-2026 + PSF-2026-09",
            "method_note": "ONS mid-year population estimate, UK, 2025 (MYE-2026-10)."
          }
        }
      },
      {
        "period": "2026-27",
        "kind": "forecast",
        "vintage": "EFO-2026-03",
        "vintage_label": "OBR forecast, March 2026",
        "note": "Receipts from OBR EFO; spending by function from HMT PESA (scaled from 2025-26); debt interest and totals as published.",
        "url": "https://ledgergov.uk/api/v1/statement/2026-27",
        "totals": {
          "receipts": {
            "value": 1303.793,
            "unit": "gbp_bn",
            "quality": "sourced",
            "source_id": "obr_efo",
            "vintage": "EFO-2026-03",
            "method_note": "Sum of the 13 income lines; each line has its own source."
          },
          "spending": {
            "value": 1419.255,
            "unit": "gbp_bn",
            "quality": "approx",
            "source_id": "obr_efo",
            "vintage": "EFO-2026-03",
            "method_note": "Sum of the 11 spending lines; each line has its own source."
          },
          "borrowing": {
            "value": 115.462,
            "unit": "gbp_bn",
            "quality": "sourced",
            "source_id": "obr_efo",
            "vintage": "EFO-2026-03",
            "method_note": "Total spending minus receipts (EFO-2026-03). Published borrowing for 2026-27: 115.5bn."
          }
        },
        "macro": {
          "nominal_gdp": {
            "value": 3164.074,
            "unit": "gbp_bn",
            "quality": "sourced",
            "source_id": "obr_efo",
            "vintage": "EFO-2026-03",
            "method_note": "Fiscal-year nominal GDP, non-seasonally adjusted; OBR's denominator for receipts, spending and deficit ratios."
          },
          "debt": {
            "value": 3053.062,
            "unit": "gbp_bn",
            "quality": "sourced",
            "source_id": "obr_efo",
            "vintage": "EFO-2026-03",
            "method_note": "End-March position."
          },
          "debt_pct_gdp": {
            "value": 94.815,
            "unit": "pct_gdp",
            "quality": "sourced",
            "source_id": "obr_efo",
            "vintage": "EFO-2026-03",
            "method_note": "End-March position over nominal GDP centred on end-March (A.9 footnote)."
          },
          "bank_rate": {
            "value": 3.75,
            "unit": "rate_pct",
            "quality": "sourced",
            "source_id": "boe_bank_rate",
            "vintage": "EFO-2026-03",
            "method_note": "MPC decision date: Bank Rate held (not a change)."
          },
          "households": {
            "value": 29.003,
            "unit": "households_m",
            "quality": "sourced",
            "source_id": "ons_households",
            "vintage": "EFO-2026-03",
            "method_note": "ONS Families and households, UK, 2025 (FH-2026-04)."
          },
          "population": {
            "value": 69.484,
            "unit": "persons_m",
            "quality": "sourced",
            "source_id": "ons_population",
            "vintage": "EFO-2026-03",
            "method_note": "ONS mid-year population estimate, UK, 2025 (MYE-2026-10)."
          }
        }
      },
      {
        "period": "2027-28",
        "kind": "forecast",
        "vintage": "EFO-2026-03",
        "vintage_label": "OBR forecast, March 2026",
        "note": "Receipts from OBR EFO; spending by function from HMT PESA (scaled from 2025-26); debt interest and totals as published.",
        "url": "https://ledgergov.uk/api/v1/statement/2027-28",
        "totals": {
          "receipts": {
            "value": 1375.408,
            "unit": "gbp_bn",
            "quality": "sourced",
            "source_id": "obr_efo",
            "vintage": "EFO-2026-03",
            "method_note": "Sum of the 13 income lines; each line has its own source."
          },
          "spending": {
            "value": 1471.875,
            "unit": "gbp_bn",
            "quality": "approx",
            "source_id": "obr_efo",
            "vintage": "EFO-2026-03",
            "method_note": "Sum of the 11 spending lines; each line has its own source."
          },
          "borrowing": {
            "value": 96.467,
            "unit": "gbp_bn",
            "quality": "sourced",
            "source_id": "obr_efo",
            "vintage": "EFO-2026-03",
            "method_note": "Total spending minus receipts (EFO-2026-03). Published borrowing for 2027-28: 96.5bn."
          }
        },
        "macro": {
          "nominal_gdp": {
            "value": 3277.008,
            "unit": "gbp_bn",
            "quality": "sourced",
            "source_id": "obr_efo",
            "vintage": "EFO-2026-03",
            "method_note": "Fiscal-year nominal GDP, non-seasonally adjusted; OBR's denominator for receipts, spending and deficit ratios."
          },
          "debt": {
            "value": 3191.404,
            "unit": "gbp_bn",
            "quality": "sourced",
            "source_id": "obr_efo",
            "vintage": "EFO-2026-03",
            "method_note": "End-March position."
          },
          "debt_pct_gdp": {
            "value": 95.739,
            "unit": "pct_gdp",
            "quality": "sourced",
            "source_id": "obr_efo",
            "vintage": "EFO-2026-03",
            "method_note": "End-March position over nominal GDP centred on end-March (A.9 footnote)."
          },
          "bank_rate": {
            "value": 3.75,
            "unit": "rate_pct",
            "quality": "sourced",
            "source_id": "boe_bank_rate",
            "vintage": "EFO-2026-03",
            "method_note": "MPC decision date: Bank Rate held (not a change)."
          },
          "households": {
            "value": 29.003,
            "unit": "households_m",
            "quality": "sourced",
            "source_id": "ons_households",
            "vintage": "EFO-2026-03",
            "method_note": "ONS Families and households, UK, 2025 (FH-2026-04)."
          },
          "population": {
            "value": 69.484,
            "unit": "persons_m",
            "quality": "sourced",
            "source_id": "ons_population",
            "vintage": "EFO-2026-03",
            "method_note": "ONS mid-year population estimate, UK, 2025 (MYE-2026-10)."
          }
        }
      },
      {
        "period": "2028-29",
        "kind": "forecast",
        "vintage": "EFO-2026-03",
        "vintage_label": "OBR forecast, March 2026",
        "note": "Receipts from OBR EFO; spending by function from HMT PESA (scaled from 2025-26); debt interest and totals as published.",
        "url": "https://ledgergov.uk/api/v1/statement/2028-29",
        "totals": {
          "receipts": {
            "value": 1427.438,
            "unit": "gbp_bn",
            "quality": "sourced",
            "source_id": "obr_efo",
            "vintage": "EFO-2026-03",
            "method_note": "Sum of the 13 income lines; each line has its own source."
          },
          "spending": {
            "value": 1513.453,
            "unit": "gbp_bn",
            "quality": "approx",
            "source_id": "obr_efo",
            "vintage": "EFO-2026-03",
            "method_note": "Sum of the 11 spending lines; each line has its own source."
          },
          "borrowing": {
            "value": 86.015,
            "unit": "gbp_bn",
            "quality": "sourced",
            "source_id": "obr_efo",
            "vintage": "EFO-2026-03",
            "method_note": "Total spending minus receipts (EFO-2026-03). Published borrowing for 2028-29: 86.0bn."
          }
        },
        "macro": {
          "nominal_gdp": {
            "value": 3390.825,
            "unit": "gbp_bn",
            "quality": "sourced",
            "source_id": "obr_efo",
            "vintage": "EFO-2026-03",
            "method_note": "Fiscal-year nominal GDP, non-seasonally adjusted; OBR's denominator for receipts, spending and deficit ratios."
          },
          "debt": {
            "value": 3319.41,
            "unit": "gbp_bn",
            "quality": "sourced",
            "source_id": "obr_efo",
            "vintage": "EFO-2026-03",
            "method_note": "End-March position."
          },
          "debt_pct_gdp": {
            "value": 96.281,
            "unit": "pct_gdp",
            "quality": "sourced",
            "source_id": "obr_efo",
            "vintage": "EFO-2026-03",
            "method_note": "End-March position over nominal GDP centred on end-March (A.9 footnote)."
          },
          "bank_rate": {
            "value": 3.75,
            "unit": "rate_pct",
            "quality": "sourced",
            "source_id": "boe_bank_rate",
            "vintage": "EFO-2026-03",
            "method_note": "MPC decision date: Bank Rate held (not a change)."
          },
          "households": {
            "value": 29.003,
            "unit": "households_m",
            "quality": "sourced",
            "source_id": "ons_households",
            "vintage": "EFO-2026-03",
            "method_note": "ONS Families and households, UK, 2025 (FH-2026-04)."
          },
          "population": {
            "value": 69.484,
            "unit": "persons_m",
            "quality": "sourced",
            "source_id": "ons_population",
            "vintage": "EFO-2026-03",
            "method_note": "ONS mid-year population estimate, UK, 2025 (MYE-2026-10)."
          }
        }
      },
      {
        "period": "2029-30",
        "kind": "forecast",
        "vintage": "EFO-2026-03",
        "vintage_label": "OBR forecast, March 2026",
        "note": "Receipts from OBR EFO; spending by function from HMT PESA (scaled from 2025-26); debt interest and totals as published.",
        "url": "https://ledgergov.uk/api/v1/statement/2029-30",
        "totals": {
          "receipts": {
            "value": 1491.945,
            "unit": "gbp_bn",
            "quality": "sourced",
            "source_id": "obr_efo",
            "vintage": "EFO-2026-03",
            "method_note": "Sum of the 13 income lines; each line has its own source."
          },
          "spending": {
            "value": 1555.348,
            "unit": "gbp_bn",
            "quality": "approx",
            "source_id": "obr_efo",
            "vintage": "EFO-2026-03",
            "method_note": "Sum of the 11 spending lines; each line has its own source."
          },
          "borrowing": {
            "value": 63.403,
            "unit": "gbp_bn",
            "quality": "sourced",
            "source_id": "obr_efo",
            "vintage": "EFO-2026-03",
            "method_note": "Total spending minus receipts (EFO-2026-03). Published borrowing for 2029-30: 63.4bn."
          }
        },
        "macro": {
          "nominal_gdp": {
            "value": 3506.679,
            "unit": "gbp_bn",
            "quality": "sourced",
            "source_id": "obr_efo",
            "vintage": "EFO-2026-03",
            "method_note": "Fiscal-year nominal GDP, non-seasonally adjusted; OBR's denominator for receipts, spending and deficit ratios."
          },
          "debt": {
            "value": 3427.149,
            "unit": "gbp_bn",
            "quality": "sourced",
            "source_id": "obr_efo",
            "vintage": "EFO-2026-03",
            "method_note": "End-March position."
          },
          "debt_pct_gdp": {
            "value": 96.065,
            "unit": "pct_gdp",
            "quality": "sourced",
            "source_id": "obr_efo",
            "vintage": "EFO-2026-03",
            "method_note": "End-March position over nominal GDP centred on end-March (A.9 footnote)."
          },
          "bank_rate": {
            "value": 3.75,
            "unit": "rate_pct",
            "quality": "sourced",
            "source_id": "boe_bank_rate",
            "vintage": "EFO-2026-03",
            "method_note": "MPC decision date: Bank Rate held (not a change)."
          },
          "households": {
            "value": 29.003,
            "unit": "households_m",
            "quality": "sourced",
            "source_id": "ons_households",
            "vintage": "EFO-2026-03",
            "method_note": "ONS Families and households, UK, 2025 (FH-2026-04)."
          },
          "population": {
            "value": 69.484,
            "unit": "persons_m",
            "quality": "sourced",
            "source_id": "ons_population",
            "vintage": "EFO-2026-03",
            "method_note": "ONS mid-year population estimate, UK, 2025 (MYE-2026-10)."
          }
        }
      },
      {
        "period": "2030-31",
        "kind": "forecast",
        "vintage": "EFO-2026-03",
        "vintage_label": "OBR forecast, March 2026",
        "note": "Receipts from OBR EFO; spending by function from HMT PESA (scaled from 2025-26); debt interest and totals as published.",
        "url": "https://ledgergov.uk/api/v1/statement/2030-31",
        "totals": {
          "receipts": {
            "value": 1551.485,
            "unit": "gbp_bn",
            "quality": "sourced",
            "source_id": "obr_efo",
            "vintage": "EFO-2026-03",
            "method_note": "Sum of the 13 income lines; each line has its own source."
          },
          "spending": {
            "value": 1610.504,
            "unit": "gbp_bn",
            "quality": "approx",
            "source_id": "obr_efo",
            "vintage": "EFO-2026-03",
            "method_note": "Sum of the 11 spending lines; each line has its own source."
          },
          "borrowing": {
            "value": 59.019,
            "unit": "gbp_bn",
            "quality": "sourced",
            "source_id": "obr_efo",
            "vintage": "EFO-2026-03",
            "method_note": "Total spending minus receipts (EFO-2026-03). Published borrowing for 2030-31: 59.0bn."
          }
        },
        "macro": {
          "nominal_gdp": {
            "value": 3631.831,
            "unit": "gbp_bn",
            "quality": "sourced",
            "source_id": "obr_efo",
            "vintage": "EFO-2026-03",
            "method_note": "Fiscal-year nominal GDP, non-seasonally adjusted; OBR's denominator for receipts, spending and deficit ratios."
          },
          "debt": {
            "value": 3513.696,
            "unit": "gbp_bn",
            "quality": "sourced",
            "source_id": "obr_efo",
            "vintage": "EFO-2026-03",
            "method_note": "End-March position."
          },
          "debt_pct_gdp": {
            "value": 95.051,
            "unit": "pct_gdp",
            "quality": "sourced",
            "source_id": "obr_efo",
            "vintage": "EFO-2026-03",
            "method_note": "End-March position over nominal GDP centred on end-March (A.9 footnote)."
          },
          "bank_rate": {
            "value": 3.75,
            "unit": "rate_pct",
            "quality": "sourced",
            "source_id": "boe_bank_rate",
            "vintage": "EFO-2026-03",
            "method_note": "MPC decision date: Bank Rate held (not a change)."
          },
          "households": {
            "value": 29.003,
            "unit": "households_m",
            "quality": "sourced",
            "source_id": "ons_households",
            "vintage": "EFO-2026-03",
            "method_note": "ONS Families and households, UK, 2025 (FH-2026-04)."
          },
          "population": {
            "value": 69.484,
            "unit": "persons_m",
            "quality": "sourced",
            "source_id": "ons_population",
            "vintage": "EFO-2026-03",
            "method_note": "ONS mid-year population estimate, UK, 2025 (MYE-2026-10)."
          }
        }
      }
    ],
    "sources": [
      {
        "id": "boe_bank_rate",
        "title": "Official Bank Rate (IADB series IUDBEDR) and MPC dates",
        "publisher": "Bank of England",
        "url": "https://www.bankofengland.co.uk/boeapps/database/Bank-Rate.asp",
        "published_on": null,
        "licence": "Bank of England terms of use (https://www.bankofengland.co.uk/legal)"
      },
      {
        "id": "hmrc_taxpayers",
        "title": "HMRC: Income Tax liabilities statistics, Table 2.1 Number of individual Income Tax payers",
        "publisher": "HMRC",
        "url": "https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/number-of-individual-income-taxpayers-by-marginal-rate-gender-and-age",
        "published_on": "2026-07-15",
        "licence": "OGL v3"
      },
      {
        "id": "hmt_pesa",
        "title": "HM Treasury Public Expenditure Statistical Analyses (PESA) / Public Spending Statistics",
        "publisher": "HM Treasury",
        "url": "https://www.gov.uk/government/collections/public-expenditure-statistical-analyses-pesa",
        "published_on": "2026-07-16",
        "licence": "OGL v3"
      },
      {
        "id": "obr_databank",
        "title": "OBR Public finances databank",
        "publisher": "Office for Budget Responsibility",
        "url": "https://obr.uk/data/",
        "published_on": "2026-09-24",
        "licence": "OGL v3"
      },
      {
        "id": "obr_efo",
        "title": "OBR Economic and fiscal outlook – March 2026",
        "publisher": "Office for Budget Responsibility",
        "url": "https://obr.uk/efo/economic-and-fiscal-outlook-march-2026/",
        "published_on": "2026-03-03",
        "licence": "OGL v3"
      },
      {
        "id": "ons_households",
        "title": "ONS Families and households in the UK",
        "publisher": "ONS",
        "url": "https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/birthsdeathsandmarriages/families/datasets/familiesandhouseholdsfamiliesandhouseholds",
        "published_on": "2026-04-17",
        "licence": "OGL v3"
      },
      {
        "id": "ons_population",
        "title": "ONS Population estimates for the UK, England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland (UKPOP)",
        "publisher": "ONS",
        "url": "https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/populationandmigration/populationestimates/timeseries/ukpop/pop",
        "published_on": "2026-10-01",
        "licence": "OGL v3"
      },
      {
        "id": "ons_psf",
        "title": "ONS Public sector finances, UK (PUSF time series dataset)",
        "publisher": "ONS",
        "url": "https://www.ons.gov.uk/economy/governmentpublicsectorandtaxes/publicsectorfinance/datasets/publicsectorfinances",
        "published_on": "2026-09-22",
        "licence": "OGL v3"
      },
      {
        "id": "ons_psf_receipts",
        "title": "ONS Public sector finances: Appendix D, public sector current receipts",
        "publisher": "Office for National Statistics",
        "url": "https://www.ons.gov.uk/economy/governmentpublicsectorandtaxes/publicsectorfinance/datasets/appendixdpublicsectorcurrentreceipts",
        "published_on": "2026-09-22",
        "licence": "OGL v3"
      }
    ]
  }
}