26 Nov 2025 · HM Treasury, Budget 2025 (HC 1492), Table 4.1
Autumn Budget 2025: every measure, and what it raises or costs
Every Budget comes with a table of its policy decisions: each new measure, with what it does to the public finances in every year from 2025-26 to 2030-31. Here are all 88 lines as the Treasury printed them, each linked to its page. We lead with 2030-31, the last year the Treasury costs, when most measures have settled; every year is in the full table.
A measure that raises money brings in tax or saves spending. One that costs money cuts tax or spends more; unless something else pays for it, the government borrows it. These are the Treasury's own estimates, published as single figures without a range.
Summary
- All the measures, 2030-31
- £24.1bn
- raised that year, net
- Raise money
- £38.8bn
- 37 measures
- Cost money
- £14.6bn
- 31 measures
- No effect in 2030-31
- 20
- measures with nothing that year
It adds up
The Treasury's total for 2030-31 is +£24,110m. Its 88 lines add up to +£24,125m: −£15m apart, which is rounding. The Treasury rounds each line to the nearest £5m and adds up before rounding, so the printed lines can drift from the printed total by a few million. Together the measures raise a net £24.1bn in 2030-31.
Read from Budget 2025 (HC 1492), Table 4.1 (pages 93 to 101 of the PDF), and checked line by line against the Treasury's own spreadsheet of the table: every figure matches (2 lines worded or labelled differently).
The biggest in 2030-31
The measures that raise the most and cost the most that year. Each links to its line below.
Raise the most
- Personal Tax£12.4bn
- RDEL£4.9bn
- HMRC£2.6bn
- Salary Sacrifice£2.6bn
- Electric Vehicle Excise Duty (eVED)£1.9bn
Cost the most
- Personal Independence Payment£5.3bn
- Universal Credit Child Element£3.2bn
- Winter Fuel Payment£1.3bn
- Universal Credit£945m
- Fuel Duty£840m
Every measure, under the Treasury's headings
In the table's own order and words, with what each line does in 2030-31. The page number opens the Budget document at that line. The Treasury marks each line as tax or spending by its largest effect.
Getting inflation down and tackling the cost of living
| Line | Measure | 2030-31 | Page |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Renewables Obligation: Fund 75% of the domestic share of the Renewables Obligation via the Exchequer over the Spending Review periodSpending | no effect£0m | 93 |
| 2 | Warm Homes Plan: Increase funding for the Warm Homes Plan and expand the Warm Home Discount SchemeSpending | no effect£0m | 93 |
| 3 | Fuel Duty: Cancel uprating for 2026-27; extend the 5p cut in rates to 31 August 2026, then increase by 1p from 1 September 2026, 2p from 1 December 2026, and 2p from 1 March 2027Tax | costs £840m−£840m | 93 |
| 4 | Rail Fares: Freeze rail fares in England for one year from 1 March 2026Spending | costs £165m−£165m | 93 |
| 5 | Health and Social Care: Freeze NHS prescription charges in England for one year from 1 April 2026Spending | costs £15m−£15m | 94 |
Tackling child poverty and reforming welfare
| Line | Measure | 2030-31 | Page |
|---|---|---|---|
| 6 | Universal Credit Child Element: Remove the two child limit from April 2026, taking 450,000 children out of povertySpending | costs £3.2bn−£3,235m | 94 |
| 7 | Universal Credit: Extend the £2,500 surplus earnings threshold for one year from 6 April 2026Spending | no effect£0m | 94 |
| 8 | Child Benefit: Exempt 16–19-year-olds with an illness or disability from the 12-hour weekly rule and equalise the treatment of non-standard educational settings from 1 September 2025Spending | costs £25m−£25m | 94 |
| 9 | Carer’s Allowance Review: Reassess overpayments from 2015 to 2025 caused by incorrect operational guidanceSpending | no effect£0m | 94 |
| 10 | Housing Benefit: Reduce the financial cliff edge for claimants in supported housing and temporary accommodation from Autumn 2026Spending | costs £25m−£25m | 94 |
| 11 | DWP Fraud and Error: Extend Targeted Case Review of Universal Credit to 2030‑31Spending | raises £1.3bn+£1,265m | 94 |
| 12 | DWP Fraud and Error: Improve accuracy in Pension Credit claims from April 2026Spending | raises £60m+£60m | 94 |
| 13 | Health and Disability Benefits: Improve operations by increasing face-to-face assessments, increasing WCA reassessment capability, and PIP award review changes, starting from April 2026Spending | raises £455m+£455m | 94 |
| 14 | Motability: Introduce VAT at the standard rate on Advance Payments paid to Motability or equivalent schemes, and Insurance Premium Tax at the standard rate on insurance related to vehicle leases, from 1 July 2026Tax | raises £305m+£305m | 94 |
| 15 | Housing Benefit and Pension Credit Administration: Bring together the administration of pensioner Housing Benefit and Pension Credit from Autumn 2026Spending | raises £265m+£265m | 94 |
| 16 | National Insurance: Remove access to Class 2 National Insurance contributions (NICs) and increase the initial residency and contributions history requirements for Class 3 NICs for individuals abroad from 6 April 2026Spending | raises £15m+£15m | 95 |
Growth, business & entrepreneurship
| Line | Measure | 2030-31 | Page |
|---|---|---|---|
| 17 | Rebuilding Britain: Accelerate delivery of growth-enhancing capital investment, including the Lower Thames CrossingSpending | costs £310m−£310m | 95 |
| 18 | Business Rates: Introduce both a three year Transitional Relief scheme, partially funded by a 1p Transitional Relief Supplement in 2026/27, and Supporting Small Business schemes from 1 April 2026Tax | costs £5m−£5m | 95 |
| 19 | Business Rates: Introduce two new lower multipliers for eligible retail, hospitality and leisure properties funded by a new high-value multiplier from 1 April 2026Tax | raises £35m+£35m | 95 |
| 20 | Enterprise Management Incentives (EMI): Increase eligibility to allow scale-ups, as well as start-ups, to access the scheme from 6 April 2026Tax | costs £695m−£695m | 95 |
| 21 | Venture Capital Schemes: Increase the Venture Capital Trust (VCT) scheme and the Enterprise Investment Scheme (EIS) annual and lifetime investment limits and the gross assets test from 6 April 2026Tax | costs £55m−£55m | 95 |
| 22 | Venture Capital Schemes: Reduce the VCT scheme Income Tax relief from 6 April 2026Tax | raises £100m+£100m | 95 |
| 23 | UK Listing Relief: Stamp Duty Reserve Tax relief for transfers of a company's securities for a three-year period from the point of listing, effective from 27 November 2025Tax | costs £50m−£50m | 95 |
| 24 | Jobs and Skills: Invest in Youth Guarantee, Growth and Skills Levy, and employment & skills supportSpending | costs £105m−£105m | 95 |
| 25 | Planning Capacity and Capability: Fund additional capacity in the planning system to get Britain buildingSpending | no effect£0m | 95 |
| 26 | British Business Bank: Expand the Growth Guarantee Scheme to support businesses impacted by changes in global tariffsSpending | no effect£0m | 95 |
| 27 | Clamping Down on Illegal High Street Operations: Invest in a new cross-government taskforce, additional Insolvency Service staff and enhanced Trading Standards and law enforcement capabilitiesSpending | no effect£0m | 96 |
| 28 | VAT: Introduce a relief for business donations of goods to charity for onward distribution or use in the delivery of their services, from 1 April 2026Tax | costs £10m−£10m | 96 |
| 29 | Cross-border VAT Grouping: Revert to unconditional whole entity cross-border VAT grouping from 26 November 2025Tax | costs £10m−£10m | 96 |
| 30 | National Level Regulation: Provide funding to reduce regulatory burden for large food businessesSpending | no effect£0m | 96 |
| 31 | Fisheries and Coastal Growth: Launch a fund to support the domestic fishing sector and coastal communitiesSpending | costs £25m−£25m | 96 |
| 32 | Innovation in Wales: Invest in a world-leading semiconductor technologies clusterSpending | no effect£0m | 96 |
| 33 | Northern Ireland: Post-Brexit trade supportSpending | costs £5m−£5m | 96 |
| 34 | Kernow Industrial Growth Fund: Provide funding to support growth in CornwallSpending | no effect£0m | 96 |
| 35 | Business Rates Retention: Extend Greater London Authority enhanced business rates retention arrangements, and pilot Business Rate Retentions for West England Combined Authority, Cornwall, and Liverpool City Region, for three years from April 2026Tax | no effect£0m | 96 |
| 36 | Port Talbot: Remediate contaminated brownfield land adjacent to the Celtic FreeportSpending | no effect£0m | 96 |
Cutting waste and investing in public services
| Line | Measure | 2030-31 | Page |
|---|---|---|---|
| 37 | RDEL: Go further on efficiencies and savingsSpending | raises £4.9bn+£4,900m | 96 |
| 38 | Health and Social Care: Bringing forward SR25 funding to support the abolition of NHS England and unlock savingsSpending | raises £1.0bn+£1,010m | 96 |
| 39 | NHS: Investing in NHS technology to improve productivitySpending | no effect£0m | 96 |
| 40 | Home Office: Provide additional funding to tackle people smuggling gangsSpending | no effect£0m | 96 |
| 41 | Systems & Compliance: Invest in HMRC, DWP and other departments to: reduce fraud and error in the welfare system & public sector; ensure tax compliance and implement Budget tax measures; and increase departmental resilience to economic shocksSpending | costs £220m−£220m | 97 |
| 42 | National Year of Reading: Fund state-funded secondary schools in England to increase book suppliesSpending | no effect£0m | 97 |
| 43 | Investing in Communities: Provide funding to refurbish and improve up to 200 playgrounds in EnglandSpending | no effect£0m | 97 |
| 44 | Environmental Regeneration: Launch a new grant scheme for public bodies to support land remediation and reinvest water company fines in projects to clean up rivers, lakes and seasSpending | raises £10m+£10m | 97 |
| 45 | UK-EU Deal: Fund DEFRA costs in 2025‑26 for domestic implementation of UK-EU Sanitary and Phytosanitary AgreementSpending | no effect£0m | 97 |
Raising revenue fairly
| Line | Measure | 2030-31 | Page |
|---|---|---|---|
| 46 | Personal Tax: Maintain the personal income tax and equivalent national insurance thresholds at current levels for a further three years until April 2031Tax | raises £12.4bn+£12,435m | 97 |
| 47 | National Insurance: Maintain the secondary threshold for employer contributions at current level for a further three years until April 2031Tax | raises £925m+£925m | 97 |
| 48 | Student Loans: Freeze Plan 2 repayment threshold for three years from 6 April 2027Spending | raises £380m+£380m | 97 |
| 49 | Income: Introduce separate tax rates for property income at 22% for the property basic rate, 42% for the property higher rate and 47% for the property additional rate, from 6 April 2027Tax | raises £445m+£445m | 97 |
| 50 | Dividend Income: Increase tax rates on dividend income by 2ppts at the ordinary and upper rate from 6 April 2026Tax | raises £1.4bn+£1,390m | 97 |
| 51 | Savings Income: Increase tax rates on savings income by 2ppts at the basic, higher and additional rate from 6 April 2027 and maintain the Starting Rate of Savings limit at £5000 from April 2026 to April 2031Tax | raises £505m+£505m | 98 |
| 52 | Salary Sacrifice: Limit the value of salary sacrificed pension contributions that can receive employee and employer NICs relief to £2,000 per year from 6 April 2029Tax | raises £2.6bn+£2,585m | 98 |
| 53 | Capital Gains Tax: Reduce Capital Gains Tax relief on qualifying disposals to employee ownership trusts from 100% to 50% from 26 November 2025Tax | raises £985m+£985m | 98 |
| 54 | High Value Council Tax Surcharge: Introduce a surcharge on owners of residential properties valued over £2 million in England from 1 April 2028Tax | raises £435m+£435m | 98 |
| 55 | Inheritance Tax: Maintain the nil-rate band, residence nil-rate band, and allowance for 100% rate of agricultural property relief and business property relief for a further year, from April 2030 until April 2031Tax | raises £130m+£130m | 98 |
| 56 | Cap inheritance tax trust charges at £5 million for historic trusts settled by former non‑domiciled individuals from 6 April 2025 and close post‑departure trade profits loophole from 6 April 2026Tax | raises £110m+£110m | 98 |
| 57 | Writing-down Allowances: Reduce the main rate writing-down allowance to 14% from April 2026 and introduce a new 40% first-year allowance from 1 January 2026Tax | raises £1.5bn+£1,450m | 98 |
| 58 | Air Passenger Duty: Extend the scope of the higher rate to cover all private jets over 5.7 tonnes from 1 April 2027Tax | raises £10m+£10m | 98 |
| 59 | HMRC: Further measures to close the tax gapTax | raises £2.6bn+£2,590m | 98 |
Modernising the tax system
| Line | Measure | 2030-31 | Page |
|---|---|---|---|
| 60 | Gambling Duty: Increase Remote Gaming Duty to 40% from 1 April 2026, introduce a new Remote Betting Rate at 25% (excluding Self-Service Betting Terminals, spread betting, pool betting & UK horseracing) from 1 April 2027, and abolish Bingo Duty from 1 April 2026Tax | raises £1.2bn+£1,155m | 99 |
| 61 | Gambling Commission: Provide funding to tackle the illegal marketSpending | no effect£0m | 99 |
| 62 | Tour Operators’ Margin Scheme: Exclude Private Hire Vehicle Services from the scope of the scheme from 2 January 2026Tax | raises £675m+£675m | 99 |
| 63 | Low Value Imports: Reform the customs treatment of low value imports from March 2029Tax | raises £555m+£555m | 99 |
| 64 | Emissions Trading Scheme (ETS): Expansion of the UK ETS to International Maritime Routes from 2028Tax | raises £285m+£285m | 99 |
| 65 | Defined Benefit (DB) Pension Scheme Surplus Extraction: Introduce flexibilities for employers and direct payments to members from April 2027Tax | raises £145m+£145m | 99 |
| 66 | Landfill Tax: Increase the lower rate by the cash increase of the standard rate from 1 April 2026 and in each year of the forecast periodTax | raises £130m+£130m | 99 |
| 67 | Soft Drink Industry Levy: Reduce the levy threshold from 5g to 4.5g/100ml and extend to milk-based drinks and milk substitutes from 1 January 2028Tax | raises £40m+£40m | 99 |
| 68 | Non-reimbursed Homeworking Expenses: Remove the tax relief available from 6 April 2026Tax | raises £25m+£25m | 99 |
| 69 | Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM): Remove indirect emissions from scope of the CBAM from 1 January 2027Tax | costs £165m−£165m | 99 |
| 70 | Advanced Corporation Tax (ACT) reform: Abolish shadow ACT restrictions to relax the limits on companies’ use of surplus ACT balances from 1 April 2026Tax | costs £10m−£10m | 99 |
Modernising motoring tax and supporting the British automative industry
| Line | Measure | 2030-31 | Page |
|---|---|---|---|
| 71 | Electric Vehicle Excise Duty (eVED): Introduce a new mileage supplement for electric and plug-in hybrid cars from 1 April 2028Tax | raises £1.9bn+£1,865m | 99 |
| 72 | Support for British automotive industry: Provide additional Electric Car Grant funding & extend to 2029‑30 and invest in EV charging infrastructureSpending | costs £25m−£25m | 100 |
| 73 | Support for British automotive industry: Increase the Expensive Car Supplement threshold for zero emission vehicles to £50,000, from 1 April 2026Tax | costs £505m−£505m | 100 |
| 74 | Support for British automotive industry: Delay bringing Employee Car Ownership schemes within the Benefit in Kind rules from 6 April 2026 to 6 April 2030, with a two year transition periodTax | costs £140m−£140m | 100 |
| 75 | Support for British automotive industry: Extend 100% first-year allowances for zero-emission cars and electric vehicle charge points to 31 March 2027 for Corporation Tax and 5 April 2027 for Income TaxTax | raises £25m+£25m | 100 |
Previously announced policy and other changes
| Line | Measure | 2030-31 | Page |
|---|---|---|---|
| 76 | Sizewell C: Reclassify construction costs and recognise income generated through the Regulated Asset Base levySpending | raises £970m+£970m | 100 |
| 77 | Plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) emissions regulatory standard changes and Benefit in Kind easementTax | raises £85m+£85m | 100 |
| 78 | Student Finance: Confirm policy detail for the Lifelong Learning Entitlement launch on 1 January 2027 and increase spending on student loans due to a new means-tested maintenance grant offer for students studying certain courses from academic year 2028/29Spending | no effect£0m | 100 |
| 79 | Supporting Savers: Make the Help to Save scheme permanent, maintain total ISA annual subscription limit at £20,000 with cash limit reduced to £12,000 for under‑65s from April 2027, delay ISA digitalisation until April 2028 and maintain the ISA subscription limits until 2030/31Tax | costs £15m−£15m | 100 |
| 80 | Agricultural Property Relief and Business Property Relief: Allow any unused allowance for the 100% rate of relief to be transferable between spouses and civil partners from 6 April 2026Tax | costs £70m−£70m | 100 |
| 81 | British Coal Staff Superannuation Scheme: Transfer investment reserve to scheme membersSpending | costs £15m−£15m | 101 |
| 82 | Defined Benefit Pensions: Provide inflation protection for pre-1997 pensions in the Pension Protection Fund (PPF) and Financial Assistance Scheme (FAS) where members’ former schemes provided it, from 1 January 2027Spending | costs £70m−£70m | 101 |
| 83 | Personal Independence Payment: Not proceeding with Spring Statement 2025 reforms to eligibilitySpending | costs £5.3bn−£5,345m | 101 |
| 84 | Winter Fuel Payment: Target to pensioners with taxable income below or equal to £35,000 from Winter 2025Spending | costs £1.3bn−£1,325m | 101 |
| 85 | Universal Credit: Changes to the standard allowance and health element to protect existing claimants and new health element claimants who meet the Severe Conditions Criteria from April 2026Spending | costs £945m−£945m | 101 |
| 86 | Loan Charge: Government response to the independent reviewTax | costs £95m−£95m | 101 |
| 87 | Compensation Payments: Make compensation available to those affected by Post Office Capture IT software shortfalls and deliver recommendations from Volume 1 of the Post Office Horizon IT Inquiry's final reportSpending | no effect£0m | 101 |
| 88 | Tariffs: Changes since Spring 2025Tax | costs £105m−£105m | 101 |
The Treasury's totals
| Total policy decisionsAll the measures | +£24,110m | 101 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Total spending policy decisionsSpending | −£2,535m | 101 | |
| Total tax policy decisionsTax | +£26,645m | 101 |
The tax and spending totals count both sides of every measure, so they need not match the lines marked tax or spending.
Every year, every line
The whole table in £ million as printed, with the sum of the lines and the rounding gap for each year. “*” is the Treasury's mark for a negligible figure.
Show the full tableHide the full table
| Line | Measure | 2025-26 | 2026-27 | 2027-28 | 2028-29 | 2029-30 | 2030-31 | Page |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Renewables Obligation: Fund 75% of the domestic share of the Renewables Obligation via the Exchequer over the Spending Review period | £0m | −£2,580m | −£2,100m | −£2,195m | £0m | £0m | 93 |
| 2 | Warm Homes Plan: Increase funding for the Warm Homes Plan and expand the Warm Home Discount Scheme | £0m | −£355m | −£535m | −£535m | −£355m | £0m | 93 |
| 3 | Fuel Duty: Cancel uprating for 2026-27; extend the 5p cut in rates to 31 August 2026, then increase by 1p from 1 September 2026, 2p from 1 December 2026, and 2p from 1 March 2027 | −£45m | −£2,370m | −£855m | −£855m | −£850m | −£840m | 93 |
| 4 | Rail Fares: Freeze rail fares in England for one year from 1 March 2026 | £0m | −£145m | −£150m | −£155m | −£160m | −£165m | 93 |
| 5 | Health and Social Care: Freeze NHS prescription charges in England for one year from 1 April 2026 | £0m | −£15m | −£15m | −£15m | −£15m | −£15m | 94 |
| 6 | Universal Credit Child Element: Remove the two child limit from April 2026, taking 450,000 children out of poverty | £0m | −£2,365m | −£2,590m | −£2,815m | −£3,095m | −£3,235m | 94 |
| 7 | Universal Credit: Extend the £2,500 surplus earnings threshold for one year from 6 April 2026 | £0m | −£145m | £0m | £0m | £0m | £0m | 94 |
| 8 | Child Benefit: Exempt 16–19-year-olds with an illness or disability from the 12-hour weekly rule and equalise the treatment of non-standard educational settings from 1 September 2025 | −£15m | −£25m | −£25m | −£25m | −£25m | −£25m | 94 |
| 9 | Carer’s Allowance Review: Reassess overpayments from 2015 to 2025 caused by incorrect operational guidance | £0m | −£20m | −£35m | −£20m | £0m | £0m | 94 |
| 10 | Housing Benefit: Reduce the financial cliff edge for claimants in supported housing and temporary accommodation from Autumn 2026 | £0m | −£10m | −£20m | −£25m | −£25m | −£25m | 94 |
| 11 | DWP Fraud and Error: Extend Targeted Case Review of Universal Credit to 2030‑31 | £0m | £0m | £0m | £0m | £0m | +£1,265m | 94 |
| 12 | DWP Fraud and Error: Improve accuracy in Pension Credit claims from April 2026 | £0m | +£15m | +£85m | +£135m | +£75m | +£60m | 94 |
| 13 | Health and Disability Benefits: Improve operations by increasing face-to-face assessments, increasing WCA reassessment capability, and PIP award review changes, starting from April 2026 | £0m | +£85m | +£310m | +£520m | +£580m | +£455m | 94 |
| 14 | Motability: Introduce VAT at the standard rate on Advance Payments paid to Motability or equivalent schemes, and Insurance Premium Tax at the standard rate on insurance related to vehicle leases, from 1 July 2026 | £0m | +£90m | +£165m | +£225m | +£280m | +£305m | 94 |
| 15 | Housing Benefit and Pension Credit Administration: Bring together the administration of pensioner Housing Benefit and Pension Credit from Autumn 2026 | £0m | −£5m | −£10m | +£105m | +£225m | +£265m | 94 |
| 16 | National Insurance: Remove access to Class 2 National Insurance contributions (NICs) and increase the initial residency and contributions history requirements for Class 3 NICs for individuals abroad from 6 April 2026 | £0m | −£5m | +£5m | +£10m | +£10m | +£15m | 95 |
| 17 | Rebuilding Britain: Accelerate delivery of growth-enhancing capital investment, including the Lower Thames Crossing | £0m | −£3,210m | −£1,015m | +£1,100m | +£1,525m | −£310m | 95 |
| 18 | Business Rates: Introduce both a three year Transitional Relief scheme, partially funded by a 1p Transitional Relief Supplement in 2026/27, and Supporting Small Business schemes from 1 April 2026 | +£40m | −£2,140m | −£1,390m | −£885m | +£15m | −£5m | 95 |
| 19 | Business Rates: Introduce two new lower multipliers for eligible retail, hospitality and leisure properties funded by a new high-value multiplier from 1 April 2026 | £0m | −£50m | +£40m | +£35m | +£35m | +£35m | 95 |
| 20 | Enterprise Management Incentives (EMI): Increase eligibility to allow scale-ups, as well as start-ups, to access the scheme from 6 April 2026 | £0m | −£70m | −£230m | −£410m | −£585m | −£695m | 95 |
| 21 | Venture Capital Schemes: Increase the Venture Capital Trust (VCT) scheme and the Enterprise Investment Scheme (EIS) annual and lifetime investment limits and the gross assets test from 6 April 2026 | £0m | £0m | −£60m | −£45m | −£50m | −£55m | 95 |
| 22 | Venture Capital Schemes: Reduce the VCT scheme Income Tax relief from 6 April 2026 | £0m | £0m | +£125m | +£95m | +£95m | +£100m | 95 |
| 23 | UK Listing Relief: Stamp Duty Reserve Tax relief for transfers of a company's securities for a three-year period from the point of listing, effective from 27 November 2025 | −£25m | −£35m | −£45m | −£50m | −£50m | −£50m | 95 |
| 24 | Jobs and Skills: Invest in Youth Guarantee, Growth and Skills Levy, and employment & skills support | £0m | −£520m | −£555m | −£495m | −£110m | −£105m | 95 |
| 25 | Planning Capacity and Capability: Fund additional capacity in the planning system to get Britain building | £0m | −£20m | −£20m | −£20m | £0m | £0m | 95 |
| 26 | British Business Bank: Expand the Growth Guarantee Scheme to support businesses impacted by changes in global tariffs | −£50m | £0m | £0m | £0m | £0m | £0m | 95 |
| 27 | Clamping Down on Illegal High Street Operations: Invest in a new cross-government taskforce, additional Insolvency Service staff and enhanced Trading Standards and law enforcement capabilities | £0m | −£15m | −£15m | −£15m | £0m | £0m | 96 |
| 28 | VAT: Introduce a relief for business donations of goods to charity for onward distribution or use in the delivery of their services, from 1 April 2026 | £0m | −£10m | −£10m | −£10m | −£10m | −£10m | 96 |
| 29 | Cross-border VAT Grouping: Revert to unconditional whole entity cross-border VAT grouping from 26 November 2025 | −£40m | −£45m | −£10m | −£10m | −£10m | −£10m | 96 |
| 30 | National Level Regulation: Provide funding to reduce regulatory burden for large food businesses | £0m | −£5m | −£5m | −£5m | £0m | £0m | 96 |
| 31 | Fisheries and Coastal Growth: Launch a fund to support the domestic fishing sector and coastal communities | £0m | −£25m | −£35m | −£35m | −£45m | −£25m | 96 |
| 32 | Innovation in Wales: Invest in a world-leading semiconductor technologies cluster | £0m | −£5m | −£5m | −£5m | −£5m | £0m | 96 |
| 33 | Northern Ireland: Post-Brexit trade support | £0m | −£10m | −£5m | −£5m | −£5m | −£5m | 96 |
| 34 | Kernow Industrial Growth Fund: Provide funding to support growth in Cornwall | £0m | −£5m | −£10m | £0m | £0m | £0m | 96 |
| 35 | Business Rates Retention: Extend Greater London Authority enhanced business rates retention arrangements, and pilot Business Rate Retentions for West England Combined Authority, Cornwall, and Liverpool City Region, for three years from April 2026 | £0m | £0m | −£5m | −£10m | £0m | £0m | 96 |
| 36 | Port Talbot: Remediate contaminated brownfield land adjacent to the Celtic Freeport | £0m | −£5m | £0m | £0m | £0m | £0m | 96 |
| 37 | RDEL: Go further on efficiencies and savings | £0m | £0m | £0m | +£1,415m | +£3,950m | +£4,900m | 96 |
| 38 | Health and Social Care: Bringing forward SR25 funding to support the abolition of NHS England and unlock savings | −£510m | −£510m | +£70m | +£955m | +£975m | +£1,010m | 96 |
| 39 | NHS: Investing in NHS technology to improve productivity | £0m | £0m | −£355m | £0m | £0m | £0m | 96 |
| 40 | Home Office: Provide additional funding to tackle people smuggling gangs | −£100m | £0m | £0m | £0m | £0m | £0m | 96 |
| 41 | Systems & Compliance: Invest in HMRC, DWP and other departments to: reduce fraud and error in the welfare system & public sector; ensure tax compliance and implement Budget tax measures; and increase departmental resilience to economic shocks | £0m | −£410m | −£490m | −£295m | −£165m | −£220m | 97 |
| 42 | National Year of Reading: Fund state-funded secondary schools in England to increase book supplies | £0m | −£5m | £0m | £0m | £0m | £0m | 97 |
| 43 | Investing in Communities: Provide funding to refurbish and improve up to 200 playgrounds in England | £0m | −£10m | −£10m | £0m | £0m | £0m | 97 |
| 44 | Environmental Regeneration: Launch a new grant scheme for public bodies to support land remediation and reinvest water company fines in projects to clean up rivers, lakes and seas | £0m | −£20m | −£5m | +£35m | +£10m | +£10m | 97 |
| 45 | UK-EU Deal: Fund DEFRA costs in 2025‑26 for domestic implementation of UK-EU Sanitary and Phytosanitary Agreement | −£30m | £0m | £0m | £0m | £0m | £0m | 97 |
| 46 | Personal Tax: Maintain the personal income tax and equivalent national insurance thresholds at current levels for a further three years until April 2031 | £0m | £0m | −£25m | +£3,365m | +£7,780m | +£12,435m | 97 |
| 47 | National Insurance: Maintain the secondary threshold for employer contributions at current level for a further three years until April 2031 | £0m | £0m | −£5m | +£290m | +£615m | +£925m | 97 |
| 48 | Student Loans: Freeze Plan 2 repayment threshold for three years from 6 April 2027 | +£285m | +£5,915m | +£255m | +£290m | +£355m | +£380m | 97 |
| 49 | Income: Introduce separate tax rates for property income at 22% for the property basic rate, 42% for the property higher rate and 47% for the property additional rate, from 6 April 2027 | £0m | £0m | +£5m | +£590m | +£435m | +£445m | 97 |
| 50 | Dividend Income: Increase tax rates on dividend income by 2ppts at the ordinary and upper rate from 6 April 2026 | £0m | +£280m | +£985m | +£1,160m | +£1,325m | +£1,390m | 97 |
| 51 | Savings Income: Increase tax rates on savings income by 2ppts at the basic, higher and additional rate from 6 April 2027 and maintain the Starting Rate of Savings limit at £5000 from April 2026 to April 2031 | £0m | +£5m | +£55m | +£525m | +£470m | +£505m | 98 |
| 52 | Salary Sacrifice: Limit the value of salary sacrificed pension contributions that can receive employee and employer NICs relief to £2,000 per year from 6 April 2029 | £0m | −£40m | −£55m | −£75m | +£4,845m | +£2,585m | 98 |
| 53 | Capital Gains Tax: Reduce Capital Gains Tax relief on qualifying disposals to employee ownership trusts from 100% to 50% from 26 November 2025 | £0m | +£185m | +£775m | +£825m | +£905m | +£985m | 98 |
| 54 | High Value Council Tax Surcharge: Introduce a surcharge on owners of residential properties valued over £2 million in England from 1 April 2028 | −£60m | −£120m | −£155m | +£400m | +£430m | +£435m | 98 |
| 55 | Inheritance Tax: Maintain the nil-rate band, residence nil-rate band, and allowance for 100% rate of agricultural property relief and business property relief for a further year, from April 2030 until April 2031 | £0m | £0m | £0m | £0m | £0m | +£130m | 98 |
| 56 | Cap inheritance tax trust charges at £5 million for historic trusts settled by former non‑domiciled individuals from 6 April 2025 and close post‑departure trade profits loophole from 6 April 2026 | £0m | −£5m | +£110m | +£155m | +£140m | +£110m | 98 |
| 57 | Writing-down Allowances: Reduce the main rate writing-down allowance to 14% from April 2026 and introduce a new 40% first-year allowance from 1 January 2026 | +£35m | +£1,035m | +£1,505m | +£1,490m | +£1,470m | +£1,450m | 98 |
| 58 | Air Passenger Duty: Extend the scope of the higher rate to cover all private jets over 5.7 tonnes from 1 April 2027 | £0m | £0m | +£10m | +£10m | +£10m | +£10m | 98 |
| 59 | HMRC: Further measures to close the tax gap | +£75m | +£435m | +£695m | +£1,250m | +£2,415m | +£2,590m | 98 |
| 60 | Gambling Duty: Increase Remote Gaming Duty to 40% from 1 April 2026, introduce a new Remote Betting Rate at 25% (excluding Self-Service Betting Terminals, spread betting, pool betting & UK horseracing) from 1 April 2027, and abolish Bingo Duty from 1 April 2026 | £0m | +£810m | +£1,065m | +£1,100m | +£1,135m | +£1,155m | 99 |
| 61 | Gambling Commission: Provide funding to tackle the illegal market | £0m | −£5m | −£10m | −£10m | £0m | £0m | 99 |
| 62 | Tour Operators’ Margin Scheme: Exclude Private Hire Vehicle Services from the scope of the scheme from 2 January 2026 | +£190m | +£725m | +£665m | +£655m | +£650m | +£675m | 99 |
| 63 | Low Value Imports: Reform the customs treatment of low value imports from March 2029 | £0m | £0m | £0m | +£40m | +£535m | +£555m | 99 |
| 64 | Emissions Trading Scheme (ETS): Expansion of the UK ETS to International Maritime Routes from 2028 | £0m | £0m | £0m | +£75m | +£290m | +£285m | 99 |
| 65 | Defined Benefit (DB) Pension Scheme Surplus Extraction: Introduce flexibilities for employers and direct payments to members from April 2027 | £0m | +£30m | +£120m | +£125m | +£135m | +£145m | 99 |
| 66 | Landfill Tax: Increase the lower rate by the cash increase of the standard rate from 1 April 2026 and in each year of the forecast period | £0m | +£35m | +£60m | +£85m | +£110m | +£130m | 99 |
| 67 | Soft Drink Industry Levy: Reduce the levy threshold from 5g to 4.5g/100ml and extend to milk-based drinks and milk substitutes from 1 January 2028 | £0m | £0m | +£10m | +£40m | +£40m | +£40m | 99 |
| 68 | Non-reimbursed Homeworking Expenses: Remove the tax relief available from 6 April 2026 | £0m | +£10m | +£30m | +£25m | +£25m | +£25m | 99 |
| 69 | Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM): Remove indirect emissions from scope of the CBAM from 1 January 2027 | £0m | −£40m | −£170m | −£180m | −£170m | −£165m | 99 |
| 70 | Advanced Corporation Tax (ACT) reform: Abolish shadow ACT restrictions to relax the limits on companies’ use of surplus ACT balances from 1 April 2026 | £0m | −£10m | −£10m | −£15m | −£15m | −£10m | 99 |
| 71 | Electric Vehicle Excise Duty (eVED): Introduce a new mileage supplement for electric and plug-in hybrid cars from 1 April 2028 | −£5m | −£10m | −£15m | +£1,100m | +£1,435m | +£1,865m | 99 |
| 72 | Support for British automotive industry: Provide additional Electric Car Grant funding & extend to 2029‑30 and invest in EV charging infrastructure | −£50m | −£215m | −£340m | −£440m | −£425m | −£25m | 100 |
| 73 | Support for British automotive industry: Increase the Expensive Car Supplement threshold for zero emission vehicles to £50,000, from 1 April 2026 | £0m | −£50m | −£110m | −£190m | −£325m | −£505m | 100 |
| 74 | Support for British automotive industry: Delay bringing Employee Car Ownership schemes within the Benefit in Kind rules from 6 April 2026 to 6 April 2030, with a two year transition period | £0m | −£150m | −£150m | −£150m | −£155m | −£140m | 100 |
| 75 | Support for British automotive industry: Extend 100% first-year allowances for zero-emission cars and electric vehicle charge points to 31 March 2027 for Corporation Tax and 5 April 2027 for Income Tax | −£5m | −£145m | −£100m | +£15m | +£20m | +£25m | 100 |
| 76 | Sizewell C: Reclassify construction costs and recognise income generated through the Regulated Asset Base levy | +£50m | +£510m | +£580m | +£675m | +£795m | +£970m | 100 |
| 77 | Plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) emissions regulatory standard changes and Benefit in Kind easement | £0m | +£35m | +£60m | +£75m | +£80m | +£85m | 100 |
| 78 | Student Finance: Confirm policy detail for the Lifelong Learning Entitlement launch on 1 January 2027 and increase spending on student loans due to a new means-tested maintenance grant offer for students studying certain courses from academic year 2028/29 | £0m | £0m | +£5m | +£5m | +£5m | £0m | 100 |
| 79 | Supporting Savers: Make the Help to Save scheme permanent, maintain total ISA annual subscription limit at £20,000 with cash limit reduced to £12,000 for under‑65s from April 2027, delay ISA digitalisation until April 2028 and maintain the ISA subscription limits until 2030/31 | £0m | −£5m | −£10m | −£5m | −£35m | −£15m | 100 |
| 80 | Agricultural Property Relief and Business Property Relief: Allow any unused allowance for the 100% rate of relief to be transferable between spouses and civil partners from 6 April 2026 | £0m | −£30m | −£70m | −£70m | −£70m | −£70m | 100 |
| 81 | British Coal Staff Superannuation Scheme: Transfer investment reserve to scheme members | −£1,975m | −£25m | −£25m | −£20m | −£20m | −£15m | 101 |
| 82 | Defined Benefit Pensions: Provide inflation protection for pre-1997 pensions in the Pension Protection Fund (PPF) and Financial Assistance Scheme (FAS) where members’ former schemes provided it, from 1 January 2027 | £0m | −£1,255m | −£60m | −£60m | −£65m | −£70m | 101 |
| 83 | Personal Independence Payment: Not proceeding with Spring Statement 2025 reforms to eligibility | £0m | −£235m | −£1,755m | −£3,350m | −£4,495m | −£5,345m | 101 |
| 84 | Winter Fuel Payment: Target to pensioners with taxable income below or equal to £35,000 from Winter 2025 | −£1,785m | −£1,390m | −£910m | −£1,330m | −£1,340m | −£1,325m | 101 |
| 85 | Universal Credit: Changes to the standard allowance and health element to protect existing claimants and new health element claimants who meet the Severe Conditions Criteria from April 2026 | £0m | −£245m | −£475m | −£630m | −£790m | −£945m | 101 |
| 86 | Loan Charge: Government response to the independent review | −£25m | −£95m | −£30m | +£35m | −£155m | −£95m | 101 |
| 87 | Compensation Payments: Make compensation available to those affected by Post Office Capture IT software shortfalls and deliver recommendations from Volume 1 of the Post Office Horizon IT Inquiry's final report | −£15m | −£125m | −£65m | −£60m | £0m | £0m | 101 |
| 88 | Tariffs: Changes since Spring 2025 | −£55m | −£150m | −£95m | −£100m | −£100m | −£105m | 101 |
| Total policy decisions | −£4,125m | −£9,315m | −£7,445m | +£3,425m | +£20,535m | +£24,110m | 101 | |
| Total spending policy decisions | −£4,200m | −£7,410m | −£10,330m | −£7,305m | −£2,615m | −£2,535m | 101 | |
| Total tax policy decisions | +£70m | −£1,905m | +£2,890m | +£10,730m | +£23,150m | +£26,645m | 101 | |
| The 88 lines added up (this site) | −£4,115m | −£9,310m | −£7,460m | +£3,410m | +£20,505m | +£24,125m | ||
| Treasury total minus the lines: rounding | −£10m | −£5m | +£15m | +£15m | +£30m | −£15m |
How this page is made
A program reads the table from the Budget document as printed (the PDF on GOV.UK): every word with its place on the page, so each figure lands in its year's column and each line keeps its number, its words, its heading and its page. Nothing is typed in by hand except the Treasury's total, which a person copies from the PDF so the program's reading can be checked against it.
Before anything is published it must pass every check: the lines run 1 to 88 with none missing, every line has a figure for every year, the total matches the one copied by hand, the lines add up to it within rounding in every year, and every figure and total matches the Treasury's own spreadsheet of the table. All 10 checks passed.
Signs are the Treasury's: the effect on the Exchequer, so money raised is positive and money spent or given up is negative. A measure's figure is the change it makes in that year compared with no change in policy; it is not the cost of a whole programme.
Where the Treasury's two versions differ
Every figure is the same in both. These lines differ in wording or in whether they are marked tax or spending; a person checked each in the printed document, and this page follows the printed document.
- Line 56: The spreadsheet words this line differently from the printed table; the figures are the same. The copy reads: “Cap trust charges at £5m for pre-30 October 2024 excluded property trusts for charges applying from 6 April 2025 and close post-departure trade profits loophole from 6 April 2026”
- Line 78: The printed table marks this line Spend and the spreadsheet Tax; the figures are the same.
The Treasury's notes to the table
- 1 Costings reflect the OBR’s latest economic and fiscal determinants. Totals may not sum due to rounding.
- 2 Measures with no net increase to borrowing are not set out on this presentational scorecard. These are increases to levies (Economic Crime Levy, Financial Conduct Authority levies, Immigration Skills Charge, International Student Levy) to fund spending on government priorities, and reclassification of spend for Mayoral Combined Authorities and police & fire pensions. AME and tax costings with an impact of less than ±£10 million in every year are excluded from the scorecard.
- 3 Many measures have both tax and spend impacts. Measures are identified as tax or spend on the basis of their largest impact.
- 4 Includes additional RDEL investment across the SR25 period of £725m for the Growth and Skills Levy and £425m for the Youth Guarantee. This is supported by funding previously allocated at SR25, which will help deliver an £820m Youth Guarantee across the SR25 period.
- 5 Full costings for the measures in this package are set out in the Budget 2025 Published Costings Document available on gov.uk
Source: HM Treasury, Budget 2025 (HC 1492), published 26 Nov 2025, OGL v3.
Other fiscal events: Spring Statement 2025 · Autumn Budget 2024
What Autumn Budget 2026 could do to the government's promises